And, I mean, just in terms of even sounds changing and the way that you put words together changing bit by bit, and there's never been a language that didn't do that. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. And you suddenly get a craving for potato chips, and you, realize that you have none in the kitchen, and there's nothing else you really want to, eat. Listen on the Reuters app. The only question was in which way. They can be small differences but important in other ways. You can search for the episode or browse all episodes on our Archive Page. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. Whats going on here? BORODITSKY: It's certainly possible. MCWHORTER: Those are called contronyms, and literally has become a new contronym. This week, we launch the first of a two-part mini-series on the scie, If you think about the people in your life, it's likely that they share a lot in common with you. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. We'd say, oh, well, we don't have magnets in our beaks or in our scales or whatever. Hidden Brain Claim By Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Podcasts RSS Web PODCAST SEARCH EPISODES COMMUNITY PODCASTER EDIT SHARE Listen Score LS 84 Global Rank TOP 0.01% ABOUT THIS PODCAST Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. Maybe it's even less than a hundred meters away, but you just can't bring yourself to even throw your coat on over your pajamas and put your boots on and go outside and walk those hundred meters because somehow it would break the coziness. This week, we continue our look at the science of influence with psychologist Robert Cialdini, and explore how these techniques can be used for both good and evil. I know-uh (ph) is there, or something along the lines of babe-uh (ph). Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. We always knew that certain species of animals had abilities to orient that we thought were better than human, and we always had some biological excuse for why we couldn't do it. Women under about 30 in the United States, when they're excited or they're trying to underline a point, putting uh at the end of things. Read the episode transcript. Hidden Brain - You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose - Google Podcasts And as odd as that sounds, I can guarantee you if you watch any TV show with women under a certain age or if you just go out on an American street and listen, you'll find that that's a new kind of exclamatory particle. MCWHORTER: Exactly. And the answer should be, north, northeast in the far distance; how about you? But what most people mean is that there'll be slang, that there'll be new words for new things and that some of those words will probably come from other languages. to describe the world. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #9: (Speaking German). Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. Happiness 2.0: The Only Way Out Is Through. When we come back, I'm going to ask you about why languages change and whether there are hidden rules that shape why some words are more likely to evolve than others. You know, we spend years teaching children about how to use language correctly. But if you ask bilinguals, who have learned two languages and now they know that some genders disagree across the two languages, they're much less likely to say that it's because chairs are intrinsically masculine. VEDANTAM: The word chair is feminine in Italian. And so I was trying to keep track of which way is which. And so to address that question, what we do is we bring English speakers into the lab, and we teach them grammatical genders in a new language that we invent. As someone who works in media, I often find that people who can write well are often people who know how to think well, so I often equate clarity of writing with clarity of thought. The phrase brings an entire world with it - its context, its flavor, its culture. The best Podcast API to search all podcasts and episodes. We talk with psychologist Iris Mauss, who explains why happiness can seem more el, When we want something very badly, it can be hard to see warning signs that might be obvious to other people. VEDANTAM: This episode of HIDDEN BRAIN was produced by Rhaina Cohen, Maggie Penman and Thomas Lu with help from Renee Klahr, Jenny Schmidt, Parth Shah and Chloe Connelly. Hidden Brain Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Science 4.6 36K Ratings; Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Thank you! JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. something, even though it shouldn't be so much of an effort. So the word for the is different for women than for men, and it's also different for forks versus spoons and things like that. There's not a bigger difference you could find than 100 percent of the measurement space. If a transcript is available, youll see a Transcript button which expands to reveal the full transcript. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. * Data source: directly measured on Listen Notes. Young people have always used language in new and different ways, and it's pretty much always driven older people crazy. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #1: (As character) If you're so upset about it, maybe you can think of a way to help her. So that's a measurement difference of 100 percent of performance. Who Do You Want To Be? - Hidden Brain (pdcast) | Listen Notes And so language changed just like the clouds in the sky. Evaluating Changes in Motivation, Values, and Well-being, Goal Striving, Need Satisfaction, and Longitudinal Well-being: The Self-Concordance Model, Personal Strivings: An Approach to Personality and Subjective Well-being, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #3: (Speaking foreign language). And very competent adults of our culture can't do that. VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. This week, in the fourth and final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. - you would have to say something like, my arm got broken, or it so happened to me that my arm is broken. Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS), by Harry T. Reis et. And so for me, that question was born in that conversation of are there some languages where it's easier to imagine a person without their characteristics of gender filled in? When she was 12, her family came to the United States from the Soviet Union. You can find the transcript for most episodes of Hidden Brain on our website. But as Bob Cialdini set out to discover the keys to influence and persuasion, he decided to follow the instincts of his childhood. Hidden Brain - Transcripts Hidden Brain - Transcripts Subscribe 435 episodes Share Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. There's a lowlier part of our nature that grammar allows us to vent in the absence of other ways to do it that have not been available for some decades for a lot of us. And then he would take a Polaroid of the kid and say, well, this is you. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. VEDANTAM: Our conversation made me wonder about what this means on a larger scale. BORODITSKY: I had this wonderful opportunity to work with my colleague Alice Gaby in this community called Pormpuraaw in - on Cape York. So there are these wonderful studies by Alexander Giora where he asked kids learning Finnish, English and Hebrew as their first languages basically, are you a boy or a girl? There's a way of speaking right. Personal Strivings: An Approach to Personality and Subjective Well-being, by Robert A. Emmons, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1986. And it ended up becoming less a direct reflection of hearty laughter than an indication of the kind of almost subconscious laughter that we do in any kind of conversation that's meant as friendly. There was no way of transcribing an approximation of what people said and nobody would have thought of doing it. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #16: Not figuratively, it's literally MCWHORTER: Yeah. So for example, grammatical gender - because grammatical gender applies to all nouns in your language, that means that language is shaping the way you think about everything that can be named by a noun. VEDANTAM: So this begs the question, if you were to put languages on something of a spectrum, where you have, you know, languages like Spanish or Hindi where nouns are gendered and languages like English where many nouns are not gendered but pronouns are gendered, and on the other end of the spectrum, you have languages like Finnish or Persian where you can have a conversation about someone without actually mentioning their gender, it would seem surprising if this did not translate, at some level, into the way people thought about gender in their daily activities, in terms of thinking about maybe even who can do what in the workplace. JERRY SEINFELD: (As Jerry Seinfeld) The second button literally makes or breaks the shirt. Newsletter: They're supposed to be painting something very personal. And if you don't have a word for exactly seven, it actually becomes very, very hard to keep track of exactly seven. But she told me a story about a conversation she had with a native speaker of Indonesian. Of course, if you can't keep track of exactly seven, you can't count. Take the word bridge - if it's feminine in your language, you're more likely to say that bridges are beautiful and elegant. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. Does Legal Education Have Undermining Effects on Law Students? by Harry T. Reis, Annie Regan, and Sonja Lyubomirsky, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2021. Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts are Influenced by Self-Esteem and Relationship Threat, by Shannon M. Smith & Harry Reis, Personal Relationships, 2012. native tongue without even thinking about it. MCWHORTER: Language is a parade, and nobody sits at a parade wishing that everybody would stand still. There was no such thing as looking up what it originally meant. Well never sell your personal information. And I would really guess that in a few decades men will be doing it, too. Trusted by 5,200 companies and developers. Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, by Kennon M. Sheldon, Mike Prentice, and Evgeny Osin, Journal of Research in Personality, 2019. Our team includes Laura Kwerel, Adhiti Bandlamudi and our supervising producer Tara Boyle. You can run experiments in a lab or survey people on the street. GEACONE-CRUZ: It describes this feeling so perfectly in such a wonderfully packaged, encapsulated way, and you can just - it rolls off the tongue, and you can just throw it. GEACONE-CRUZ: It's this phrase that describes something between I can't be bothered or I don't want to do it or I recognize the incredible effort that goes into something, even though it shouldn't be so much of an effort. But actually, it's something that's not so hard to learn. I decided it was very important for me to learn English because I had always been a very verbal kid, and I'd - was always the person who recited poems in front of the school and, you know, led assemblies and things like that. And dead languages never change, and some of us might prefer those. One study that I love is a study that asked monolingual speakers of Italian and German and also bilingual speakers of Italian and German to give reasons for why things are the grammatical genders that they are. So even if I'm speaking English, the distinctions that I've learned in speaking Russian, for example, are still active in my mind to some extent, but they're more active if I'm actually speaking Russian. Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. But I think that we should learn not to listen to people using natural language as committing errors because there's no such thing as making a mistake in your language if a critical mass of other people speaking your language are doing the same thing. In this week's My Unsung Hero, Sarah Feldman thanks someone for their gift more than 20 years ago. In this month's Radio Replay, we ask whether the structure of the languages we speak can change the way we see the world. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a feeling or an experience. So for example, English speakers, because they're very likely to say, he did it or someone did it, they are very good at remembering who did it, even if it's an accident. He's also the author of the book, "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". Perceived Partner Responsiveness as an Organizing Construct in the Study of Intimacy and Closeness, by Harry T. Reis, et. VEDANTAM: Well, that's kind of you, Lera. You would give a different description to mark that it was not intentional. And I kind of sheepishly confessed this to someone there. And it irritates people, but there's a different way of seeing literally. Welcome to HIDDEN BRAIN. Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. So I think that nobody would say that they don't think language should change. They're more likely to say, well, it's a formal property of the language. And if it was feminine, then you're likely to paint death as a woman. Subscribe: iOS | Android | Spotify | RSS | Amazon | Stitcher Latest Episodes: Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. al, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2004. That hadn't started then. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. I think that it's better to think of language as a parade that either you're watching, or frankly, that you're in, especially because the people are never going to stand still. It might irritate you slightly to hear somebody say something like, I need less books instead of fewer books. That was somehow a dad's fashion, and that I should start wearing flat-fronted pants. That's how much cultural heritage is lost. VEDANTAM: Lera now tries to understand languages spoken all over the world.
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