steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms

"CEMENTITE" Iron Carbide. It is significant that the sides of the face-centred cube, or the distances between neighbouring lattices in the fcc arrangement, are about 25 percent larger than in the bcc arrangement; this means that there is more space in the fcc than in the bcc structure to keep foreign (i.e., alloying) atoms in solid solution. Carbon is always present in metallic alloys, i.e. the carbon to selenium bond is non-polar covalent. There are many types of steel. Sr Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) has been a common and serious issue in many metal materials. Which of the following diagrams best represents the particle-level structure of steel? 1S22S22P63S23P64S2 (D) C6H6 This is why you see red hot steel dunked in water after being worked, although now a days I believe most steel is forced air quenched. the phenomenon shown in the diagram best supports which of the following claims about the bonding . core, A:Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. which of the following complete lewis diagrams represents a molecule with a bond angle that is closest to 120? Which of the following describes the elementI?Choose all that apply. The composition of steel is primarily accounted for by iron (usually accounts for at least 75% of the alloys weight). the orderly arrangement of atoms in the lattice and prevents them from sliding over each . According to the VSEPR model, the progressive decrease in the bond angles in the series of molecules CH4, NH3, and H2O is best accounted for by the, increasing the number of unshared pairs of electrons, The best explanation for the fact that diamond is extremely hard is that diamond crystals, are giant molecules in which each atom forms strong covalent bonds with all of its neighboring atoms. could describe: although the molar mass of KCl is greater than that of KF, the density of KCl is actually less than that if KF. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Ultimately cementite, Fe 3 C, is obtained. By far the most widely used material for building the world's infrastructure and industries, it is used to fabricate everything from sewing needles to oil tankers. record answers from the lowest to highest values. steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms. C. O 200 What is the initial speed of the first child? Which of the following molecules has a dipole moment of zero? So, the element, Q:How many unpaired electrons are present in the ground state of an atom from each of the following, A:a. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, Metallurgical Engineering - Cast irons, Aluminum research. For iron, the lattice arrangement can best be visualized by a unit cube with eight iron atoms at its corners. steel, alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon content ranges up to 2 percent (with a higher carbon content, the material is defined as cast iron). If the iron is cooled slowly, the carbon atoms will be forced out of solution, into the spaces between the crystals. Professor of Metallurgy, University of Leeds, England, 196089. For Steel the Carbon must be present as Iron Carbide. (C) Covalent bonds between H2O molecules are broken. Which of the following diagrams best depicts an alloy of Ni and B? unlike BF3 NF3 has a nonpolar geometry due to an unshared pair of electrons on the N atom, The energy required to dissociate an ionic solid into gaseous ions (lattice energy) for the compounds NaF and MgF2 is shown in the table above. What is the energy change (in J) and wavelength (in nm) of light emitted when an electron, A:The wavelength of hydrogen is given as; With the interstitial mechanism, one atom is usually much smaller than the other, so cannot successfully replace an atom in the crystals of the base metal. 3079-3090, 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.01.045. How much farther is it from the dot on the screen in the center of fringe EEE to the left slit than it is from the dot to the right slit? plain-carbon steels may be as high as 2.0%, but such an alloy is rarely found. Reveal answer. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 A common example of the interstitial alloy is steel which is a metal substance that contains iron, carbon, and various other elements. Q:How many electrons in a atom can have the designation of 5fx(z2-y2)? Tool steels These are especially hard alloy steels used to make tools, dies, and machine parts. (D) increasing number of unshared pairs of electrons One element is an alkali metal, X, and the other element is a halogen, Z. which of the following is the most valid scientific claim that can be made about the compound. According to the Pauli exclusion principle in an atom no two electrons, Q:8. (A) The London (dispersion) forces increase. 1) percentage carbon means the mass of carbon relative to the mass of iron. Explain why not. Duraluminum (duralumin) is an alloy containing about 4.4% copper, 1.5% magnesium, 0.6% manganese and 93.5% aluminium by mass. Thanks, this is a great explanation! Metallurgical consultant. b. Steel is generally referred to as "carbon" steel, because it is a combination of iron atoms interspersed with carbon atoms. The driving power for pitting corrosion is the depassivation of a small area, which becomes anodic (oxidation reaction) while an unknown but potentially vast area becomes cathodic (reduction reaction), leading to very localized galvanic corrosion. b. However, after further adsorption of Pb around the Fe atoms on the alloy-doped Fe (111) surface, the work functions are found to decrease, implying that the shielded electrons can be reactivated when in contact with Pb. Answer: Option A, C is rejected because there is no chromium atom neither in surface nor in the interior side. Introduction. . Multivalent The values of this parameter (611 eV/atom) obtained in recent years by the methods of computer simulation TO a first approximation, the atoms in carbon steel are ALL iron..however, carbon steel is an alloy, that contains SOME quantity of carbon, that is incorporated in the iron lattice, approx., 1-2% by mass. A crystal is a well-ordered arrangement of atoms that can best be pictured as spheres touching one another. 8.38QP, Your question is solved by a Subject Matter Expert. unlike BF3, NF3 has a polar geometry due to an unshared pair of electrons on the N atom. II. Explain why steel, which is an alloy of iron, is harder than pure iron. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). B) HF %PDF-1.4 % please help its science not chemistry btw Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The carbon atoms are very small and can fit, with some distortion, into the larger gaps between the iron atoms. Cooling further, a dramatic change takes place at about 727 C (1,341 F) when the austenite crystals transform into a fine lamellar structure consisting of alternating platelets of ferrite and iron carbide. Which of the following molecules has a dipole moment? I have a knife which is A2 steel. How can a kitchen knife be A2 steel at room temperture (22C)? The carbon to selenium bond is nonpolar covalent. He applied a current to the wire which made it red hot. When the Sojourner spacecraft landed on Mars in 1997, the planet was approximately 7.8 107 km from Earth. Steel is an interstitial alloy with much smaller carbon atoms in the spaces between the iron atoms. What are the most important alloys today? steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms 1. Q:66. Important for the uniqueness of steel is the allotropy of ironthat is, its existence in two crystalline forms. Pi () bonding occurs in each of the following species EXCEPT where, R = 10973731.6m-1, Q:Atomic Radii of the First 86 Elements 2. 1s Determine, by calculations, which isotope of cooper is the most abundant in nature. O Alkali metals, Q:20. Jinja2 If Not Equal, hb```,@( Steel is an alloy containing Fe atoms and C atoms. Q:3. based on this information, which of the following diagrams best represents an alloy containing only copper and zinc atoms, the 5x5 thats mostly light ones and they're all the same size. The molecule with only one double bond D) CH4 copper and zinc atoms have the same atomic radius 135 picometers. (A) S8 (E) The number of nearest neighbors increases. from Wikipedia. = C C atoms are small, but the diameter of C atoms is estimated to be 56 % of the diameter of Fe atoms in austenite. (E) decreasing repulsion between hydrogen atoms, (D) increasing number of unshared pairs of electrons. Curious how close to pure iron you can get. Steel is an alloy containing Fe atoms and Catoms. Well, if the metal is heated to >750C and then cooled to room temperature slowly, the molecules would rearrange to alpha ferrite steel and it would be brittle. Edit: I wanted to add that modern steel often also has molybdenum and other elements for rust protection and better properties. Legal. In metallurgy, stainless steel is a steel alloy with at least 10.5% chromium with or without other alloying elements and a maximum of 1.2% carbon by mass. (A) SiCl4 Which, Q:The name given to the elements The major component of steel is iron, a metal that in its pure state is not much harder than copper. Carbon steel contains 2.0% carbon or less, with small amounts of manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, and silicon. 40 (C) The dipole-dipole forces increase. Enter the chemical symbol, A:Explanation to the correct answer is given below, Q:24. even atoms all in a straight line and straight columns and all identical. B) SO2 Write a set of quantum numbers for each of the electrons with an n of 3 in a Sc atom. What will happen to the fringe spacing if the spacing between the slits is decreased? Author of. Note that the bottom axis has steel and cast iron labeled so that is the basics of answering your question, below 2.06 % carbon the alloy is called steel, above that it is cast iron. On both ends were connections to a power source, and the ring was heavy enough to pull the steel wire down in the center, with the slack. c. 5 Which of the following diagrams best represents the particle-level structure of steel? A:We would use the given plot to answer about the trends . A) NaCl The nucleus of 6Li is a powerful absorber of neutrons. It can keep a sharp cutting edge. Negative electrons are attracted to the, Q:IF an unknown element has an atomic Steel is an iron given a small range of carbon. C Menu Close unhealthiest cuisine in the world Open menu. Iron is a metal element, and carbon is a nonmetal element. Which of the following compounds is ionic and contains both sigma and pi covalent bonds? Upload your Matter Interactions Portfolio. 1p 13108/img_metalurgy_17.jpg cannot be found in /users/13108/img_metalurgy_17.jpg. (A) trigonal planar which of the following Lewis diagrams best represents the bonding in the N2O molecule, considering formal charge? d. 4s B. N Between 912 and 1,394 C iron is in its fcc order, which is called austenite or gamma iron. The corner points of this lattice contain iron atoms. = C = Fe O = Fe = C = II 8 = = Fe O=C O = C Fe O = Fe Question: Steel is an alloy containing Fe atoms and Catoms. (D) Ionic bonds between H+ ions and OH- ions are broken. What is the basic unit that represents each of the following? (B) A molecular solid with zero dipole moment d.) 5px 3. We'll add that to "guys, it's the electrons that flow in a circuit! How many resonance structures can be drawn for O3? Reveal answer. Steel is an interstitial alloy that is made of carbon and iron. B, A:Ionization energy of an atom is defined as the energy required to remove an electron from its, Q:In each of the following pairs, indicate which one of the two species is larger: Pearlite has a diamond pyramid hardness (DPH) of approximately 200 kilograms-force per square millimetre (285,000 pounds per square inch), compared with a DPH of 70 kilograms-force per square millimetre for pure iron. (a) What are thecompositions of the nuclei of 6Li and 7Li? Alloy, often known as an alloy, is a metallic material made up of two or more elements. 50 is one of the group of the least reactive elements Start your trial now! a. So option D is not possible. E) F2, Which of the following has a zero dipole moment? even atoms all in a straight line and straight columns and all identical. (C) SiO2 A) BeCl2 In solid methane, the forces between neighboring CH4 molecules are best characterized as, Strong multiple covalent bonds (including p-bonds) with weak intermolecular forces. Omitting very extreme cases, iron in its solid state is, like all other metals, polycrystallinethat is, it consists of many crystals that join one another on their boundaries. Therefore, the hybridization of Sb orbitals should be. Cast iron has lots (>2%) of carbon and doesn't behave like steel. Steel is an example of an interstitial alloy, because the very small carbon atoms fit into interstices of the iron matrix. This is referred to as an interstitial alloy. neutrons Engineers apply the knowledge of math & science to design and manufacture maintainable systems used to solve specific problems. which of the following complete lewis diagrams represent a molecule containing a bond angle that is closest to 120 degrees, which of the following scientific claims about the bond in the molecular compound in HF is most likely to be true. The molecule with the largest dipole moment Which of the following states that the electrons in an atom fill lower- The smaller atoms become trapped in the spaces between the atoms in the crystal matrix, called the interstices. In metabolism, the carbon atoms in the fatty acids are oxidised, producing acetyl-CoA molecules. Of the following molecules, which has the largest dipole moment? Q:1. ", "steel as a subset of iron", i suppose iron alloy would be better term, OP, it's just a categorical flip-flop. here in this image , there are 3 different types of molecules will zalatoris putter specs. 2. View this solution and millions of others when you join today! The initial speed upwards of the second child is 4.0m/s4.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}4.0m/s. Key Cu2+ + O (D) bent Layers of atoms slide over each other when metals are bent or stretched. F- Composition of 100 g of carbon steel; element % mass (g) = % mass of steel (g) carbon : 1%: treated alloy steels contain 0.30 to 0.40% C. Carbon has two characteristics that account for its power-ful effects from such small amounts: It is very low in density, so therefore a great number of atoms are present in small amounts (by weight), and its 9. To understand heat treatment of steels requires an ability to understand the Fe-C phase diagram shown in Figure 6-1. 10 20 P, Q:Of the following, which atom has the smallest atomic radius? Former Chief Metallurgical Engineer, National Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. answer choices b), A:Answer:- = C A O = Fe Fe Fe Transcribed Image Text: B) = Fe O = C = Fe = Fe O = Fe Expert Solution Want to see the full answer? Describes Iron Carbon Steel Alloys, the effects of cooling rates on their Strength; Ductility and Crystalography, Last Modified: 3 Dec 09 @ 20:42 Page Rendered: 2023-01-22 22:34:07. Ar The crucible with Mg melting was protected by SF 6 + CO 2 mixed gas for suppressing oxidation at 720 C. Free Carbon is present in Cast Iron. The best way to understand this is by taking a look at the iron-carbon phase diagram. . The London (dispersion) forces are weakest for which of the following gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure? The first child bounces up one-and-a-half times higher than the second child. The Iron Carbon eutectic contains the equivalent of 4.3% Carbon. (A) CO2 Steel is an iron alloy containing 0.5 to 1.5 percent carbon. C) CuCl (B) The hydrogen bonding increases. (E) Cs, Ba2+, La3+, Of the following compounds, which is the most ionic? III. Q:MCQ 13: The region around the nucleus which can be filled with one or two electrons is known as Now, if you buy a chunk of 5160 Spring steel and it has a mill certification, you know exactly how it will work when you and anneal and temper it. What is the value of H if the combustion produced liquid water H2O(l) ? Steel is often both an interstitial and substitution alloy. When a force is applied, the layers. Ag2+ + O2- 1. the diagram above shows two resonance structures for a molecule of C6H6. Floreal International Ltd, Alloy steels contain varying amounts of carbon as well as other metals, such as chromium, vanadium, molybdenum, nickel, tungsten, etc. 205 0 obj <> endobj Ping G Irons Weights Falling Out, Also in the case of option A, if we examine it, the percentage amount and size of the atom will be problematic. examples of taboos in canada; treasurydirect is unavailable; Molten steel containing, for example, a carbon content of 0.77 percent (shown by the vertical dashed line in the figure) begins to solidify at about 1,475 C (2,660 F) and is completely solid at about 1,400 C (2,550 F). 30 Which of the following statements is correct about the effective nuclear charge (Zet)? The properties listed above that would apply to (NH4)2CO3 would be what (C) square pyramidal The "frozen" eutectic has a composition of Austenite solid solution (Of composition E) and Iron Carbide. Iron And Carbon. Steel contains atoms of other elements as well as iron. Are there any use cases for alloys with a very high carbon content? This is because this nail is an alloy of iron with carbon, chromium and nickel. However, specific alloys of steel tempered in the right ways make the carbon molecules squeeze between the gaps of iron molecules, so that the atoms are then stacked like boxes straight on top of each other, forward and backward. Which pair, A:This is the concept of Electronic configuration, Q:Which of the following electrons is most loosely bound in a calcium atom? Give the electron configuration for the following atoms using appropriate noble gas inner The possible answer here will be option B. consider atoms of the following elements. (E) CH4, Physio III - Exam 1 - Lecture 1 - Pediatrics. Ti and its alloys, Co-Cr alloys, and stainless steel are the most common choices for use . Steel is an alloy consisting of Fe with a small amount of C. Elemental Cr can be added to steel to make the steel less likely to rust: Cr atoms react with oxygen in the air to form a nonreactive layer of chromium oxide . The allotropic behaviour of iron is retained with few exceptions in steel, even when the alloy contains considerable amounts of other elements. This microstructure is called pearlite, and the change is called the eutectoidic transformation. (E) A metallic solid With stringent quality control measures, expert-led instruction, and authorized sales and service center support, Swagelok offers unmatched expertise in the worlds toughest environments. What is the energy of an X-ray with a wavelength of 5.49 nm? E) I2, For which of the following molecules are resonance structures necessary to describe the bonding satisfactorily? Steel is an interstitial alloy of iron and carbon that contains between 0.002% and 2.1 % (m/m) of carbon. The effects of carbon are best illustrated by an iron-carbon equilibrium diagram. Photo: It's not just the basic ingredients (the metals and other constituents) that affect the properties of an alloy; how those ingredients combine is very important too. 1. one element is an alkali metal, X, and the other element is a halogen, Z. which of the following is the most valid scientific claim that can be made about the compound? Closer to F because Fluorine has a higher electronegativity than carbon. Steel with carbon content less than 0.78 wt% C is hypoeutectoid and greater than 0.78 wt% C is hypereutectoid. The small grey particles are located throughout this lattice, at every other intersection of four large white particles. is very reactive as a metal steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms. 2. Cast irons Cast irons are alloys of iron and carbon containing more than 2.14% C. Other alloying elements may also be present in cast irons. In Step 4, the carbon ions reach the substrate surface and diffuse into the substrate (Step 5). d. Suppose the wavelength of the light is 500nm500 \mathrm{~nm}500nm. Metalloid Fe (B) trigonal pyramidal How long did it take for the television picture signal to reach Earth from Mars? Steel is a crystaline substance containing less than 1.5% Carbon. e., A:The atomic number of calcium is 20 and it is a group 2 element. Steel is an alloy consisting of Fe with a small amount of C. Elemental Cr can be added to steel to make the steel less likely to rust; Cr atoms react with oxygen in the air to form a nonreactive layer of chromium oxide on the surface of the steel, preventing the oxidation of underlying Fe atoms. indicates a plenty distribution of Fe, C, and O atoms on the surfaces, having Fe and C elements originating from the substrate, while O and K come from the electrolyte. which of the following molecules is nonpolar but has polar covalent bonds? based on this information, which of the following diagrams best represents an alloy containing only copper and zinc atoms the 5x5 thats mostly light ones and they're all the same size 6.7B: Interstitial Alloys is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. Which of the following diagrams best represents the particle-level structure of steel? sp2 C) SO2 What is the largest order of any element in U(900)? Ferritic Stainless Steel: Fe-Cr-(Mo) alloys In ferritic grades, carbon is kept to low levels (C<0.08%) and the chromium content can . Steel is an alloy containing Fe atoms and C atoms. 1 point embroidery classes adelaide; what happened to derrick williams; aimsweb 1st grade reading passages; civil radio frequencies; adult children screening quiz C) N2 The presence of carbon atoms will make the steel stronger than iron but does not prevent it from rusting. In the statistical theory of the ordering of carbon atoms in the z sublattice of martensite, the most important role is played by the parameter of the strain interaction of carbon atoms 0, which determines the critical temperature of the bccbct transition. The following are properties or characteristics of different chemicals compounds: Remember to Include the following item. A Pickpocket's Tale Summary, D) dsp2 B) KCl Soluble in Water Ground state electronic configuration of O. Please contact the submission author. copper and zinc atoms have the same atomic radius 135 picometers. Which of the following diagrams represents the particle level structure of steel, In the reaction represented above, what is the hybridization of the C atoms before and after the reaction occurs, which of the following atoms or ions has exactly two unpaired electrons, in which of the following groups are the three species isoelectric, the electron pair in a C-F bond could be considered. This gives us the only possible answer B. Their alloy content raises their cost, and so they are usually only employed for specialist uses. 9. Al Please contact the submission author. O2- Command To Clear Cache In Windows, Grain-oriented silicon steel (Fe-Si steel; transformer steel; electrical steel) is a soft magnetic polycrystalline metallic alloy that is used as core material in electrical transformer cores and electrical motors.. (b) The atomicmasses of 6Li and 7Li are 6.015122 and 7.016004 amu, respectively.A sample of lithium depleted in the lighter isotopewas found on analysis to contain 1.442% 6Li. Please contact the submission author. c) Mn+2 = [Ar] 3d(5) 4s(0) 4. which of the following correctly indicates whether the solid represented by the particle model shown to the left conducts electricity and explains why or why not? Steel is an alloy consisting of Fe with a small amount of C. Elemental Cr can be added to steel to make the steel less likely to rust; Cr atoms react with oxygen in the air to form a nonreactive layer of chromium oxide on the surface of the steel, preventing the oxidation of underlying Fe atoms. Iron has its bcc allotropy below 912 C (1,674 F) and from 1,394 C (2,541 F) up to its melting point of 1,538 C (2,800 F). No. Pure iron is too soft and reactive to be of much real use, so most of the "iron" we tend to use for everyday purposes is actually in the form of iron alloys: iron mixed with other elements (especially carbon) to make stronger, more resilient forms of the metal including steel. Given atoms , Te, Sr, Po, Ba, Q:which has the smallest atomic radii 5. Transcribed Image Text: Steel is an alloy containing Fe atoms and C atoms. steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms. O = an atom of one, A:option 2 First week only $4.99! The following is an electron transfer reaction between two atoms: ce- Influence of Temperature on Crystal Structure. 5p 13108/img_metalurgy_5.jpg cannot be found in /users/13108/img_metalurgy_5.jpg. Atomic Number %%EOF (For a list of steel production by country, see below World steel production.) These atoms have . Find answers to questions asked by students like you. steel, alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon content ranges up to 2 percent (with a higher carbon content, the material is defined as cast iron). C) Cl2 Stainless steel contains between 10% and 20% chromium. brussels airlines passenger locator form; master of possession datasheet Open menu. Of the following single bonds, which is the LEAST polar? Which two factors must be equal when a chemical reaction reaches equilibrium? E) PF3, What is the identity of the metal chloride? In general, alloy steel is steel that is alloyed with a variety of elements in total amounts between 1.0% and 50% by weight to improve its mechanical The carbon atoms can take up two positions. Al A few examples of these small atoms are boron, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Identify three artificial satellites that Canada has launched into Earth orbit, and describe their function. Please select which sections you would like to print: Metallurgical consultant. Can be deposited from Austenite as it cools. If youwant any, A:e = charge of an electron, m= mass of electron One and two only The liquefied hydrogen halides have the normal boiling points given above. (B) BrCl In ground state 2A group, there is no unpaired electron. 7.2x13.5x2=16.0,14.4x1+7.0x2=31.0, Is used to explain the fact that the carbon-to-carbon bonds in benzene, C6H6, are identical, according to the VSEPR model, the progressive decrease in the bond angles in the series of molecules CH4 and NH3 and H2O is best accounted for by the, increasing number of unshared pairs of electrons, copper atoms and zinc atoms have the same atomic radius, 135 picometers. We have to calculate the the approximate neutron to proton ratio. The terminology isn't totally perfect since that terminology predates our understanding of elements, atoms, and crystals that we now understand define these materials. 4. E) PF5, H-C=C-HWhat is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in a molecule of ethyne, represented above? Metals and Alloys. The large white particles are arranged in a square lattice. Figure 6.7B.1: Different atomic mechanisms of alloy formation, showing pure metal, substitutional, and interstitial structures. The relatively high boiling point of HF can be correctly explained by which of the following? What isthe average atomic weight of this sample of the metal? I took a Materials course for my mechanical engineering degree and this diagram plus demonstrations around it were some of the coolest things that I learned. of the following pairs is smaller: (a) Cl or Cl;, A:Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subpartsfor you., Q:Examine the following three diagrams. The atom that contains exactly 3 unpaired electrons. 6.2 Unlike XRF, AAS cannot be used for nondestructive testing. Determine which of the following "THREE RULES" have been, A:Pauli exclusion principle: And how did we find this out? the particle-level diagram represents the structure of solid KF. On the basis of coulombs law. a. 8. b) Co = [Ar] 3d(7) 4s(2) The atoms are arranged in layers. 1. (D) bent, Which of the following molecules has the shortest bond length? (E) C6H6, (A) A network solid with covalent bonding Group of answer choices Multiple Cholce D) LiCl, Is a polar molecule III. which of the following atoms cannot exceed the octet rule in a molecule, which of the following has an incomplete octet in its lewis structure. Flashed On Motorway Not Speeding, 3. A few examples of these small atoms are boron, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. 1) two atoms of one element, Q:The number of electrons in the highest energy level of 20Ca is The name does not apply to the Iron of the eutectoid. So steel and cast are related by being irons. The holes present in the metal lattice are generally the spaces present between the metal atoms. Nickel [Ni] + Copper [Cu] = Alloy 400 (Monel ) Iron [Fe] + Nickel [Ni] + Chromium [Cr] + Molybdenum [Mo] = 316 Austenitic Stainless Steel. Solve graphically and explain geometrically.

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